زوایاى گوناگون مسئله اذهان دیگر

نوع مقاله : تخصصی

نویسنده

چکیده

مسئله اذهان دیگر به توجیه باور ما به وجود اذهان دیگر (در بحث معرفت شناختى) و چیستى اذهان دیگر (در بحث مفهومى) مى پردازد. آیا باور ما به وجود اذهان دیگر موجّه است تا معرفت به شمار آید یا صرفاً یک باور روانى است؟ راهکارهاى بسیارى براى گره گشایى از این مسئله ارائه شده است و درباره هر یک هم چنان بحث هاى فراوانى میان فیلسوفان وجود دارد. در کل, هنوز راهکارى که اکثریت بپذیرند ارائه نشده است. این مسئله زوایاى روان شناختى و زیست شناختى نیز دارد و در میان فیلسوفان قاره اى نیز تا حدّى مدِّ نظر بوده است.

عنوان مقاله [English]

زوایاى گوناگون مسئله اذهان دیگر

نویسنده [English]

  • yaser poor esmaeel
Avramides, A.(2001) Other Minds, London: Routledge.
Aune, B.(1963) Feelings, Moods and Instrospection, Mind , 62:187-208.
Ayer, A . J.(1963) The Concept of a Person, London:Macmillan.
Blackburn,. (1974-75), How to Refer to Private Experience, Aristoteliam Society Proceedings, 75:201-213.
Buford, T. O.(ed.)(1970) Essays on Other Minds, Chicago:University of Illinois press.
Byrne R. W. & Whiten A.(1988) Machiavellian Intelligence: Social Expertise and the Evolution of Intellect in Monkeys, Apes and Humans, Oxford: Blackwell.
Candlish, S.(1980) The Real Private Language, Philosophy, 55:85-94.
Canfield, J. V.(2001) Private Language: the Diary Case, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 79:377-394.
Carruthers, P. (1998) Autism as mindoblindness: an elaboration and partial defence, Theories of Theories of Mind, Cambridge University Press.
__ , (2004) The Nature of the Mind, New   York: Routledge Publications, 2004.
Carey S. (1985) Conceptual Change in Childhood, Cambridge, MA.:MIT Press.
Craig, E., Solipsism, (1998) in Routledge Encyclopedia of philosophy, vol. 9.
Davidson, D. (1974) Belief and the Basis of Meaning, Synthese, 27,309-29.
Dennett, D. (1978) Brainstorms: Philosophical Essays on Mind and Psychology, Montgomery, VT . Bradford Books.
Descartes, R. (1951) Meditations on the First Philosophy, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New   Jersey.
Eldredge, N. and Cracraft, J. (1980) Phylogenetic Patterns and the Evolutionary Process NewYork : Cloumbia University Press.
Fodor, J. (1983) The Modularity of Mind, Cambridge: MIT Press.
Foder, J. (1992) A theory of the child صs theory of mind, Cognition, 44,283-96.
Gopnik, A. (1993) How we Know our minds: The illusion of first-person Knowledge of intentionality, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16:1, 1-14.
Gordon R. M (1986) Folk psychology as simulation, Mind and Language, 1, 158-71.
__ , (1992) The Simulation Theory: Objections and Misconception, Mind and Language, 7, 11-34.
Hammond, M., (1991) Understanding Phenomenology, Oxford: Blackwell, Chapter 8 The Recognition of Other Selves.
Harris, (1992) From Simulation to Folk Psychology: The Case for Development, p.124. Mind and Language, 7, 1992.
Heidegger, M. (1962) Being and Time, New   York, Harper and Row. Particularly Part One, . Division One, IV.
Hill, C. S. (1991) Sensations: a Defense of Type Materialism, Cambridge: Cambridge - University Press. Chapter 9, Knowledge of other minds.
Husserl, E. (1977) Cartesian Meditation, Tr. Dorion Carins, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
Hyslop, A. (1976) Other Minds as Theoretical Entities, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 54:158-161.
_ , (1995), Other Minds, Dordrecht: Kluwer.
_ , (2000), Sartre and Other Minds, Sartre Studies International, 6:48-60.
_ , and Jackson, F. C., (1972), The Analogical Inference to Other Minds, American Philosphical Quarterly, 9:168-176.
karmiloff-Smith A. (1988) The child is a theoretician, not an individualist, Mind and Language, 3:3, 183-95.
Karmiloff-Smith, A. and Russell, J,. (1998) Developmental psychology, A Companion to the Philosophy of Mind, Oxford: Blackwell Publications.
Kripke, S. A. (1982) Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language, Oxford: Blackwell.
Leslie, A.M., and Thaiss, L. (1992) Domain Specificity in Conceptual Development . neuropsychological evidence from autism, Cognition, 43, 225-51.
Locke, D. (1968) Myself and Others, Oxfrod: OxfrodUniversity Press.
Malcolm, N. (1962) Knowledge of Other Minds, in V.C Chappel (ed.) The Philosophy of Mind, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hell.
_ , (1962) Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations, in V.C.Chappel (ed) The Philosophy of Mind, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
Kڑhler, W., (1929) Gestaltpsychology. New York: Liveright Publishing Corporation.
McDowell, J. (1982) Criteria, Defeasibility, and Knowledge, Proceedings of the British Academy, 68: 455-79.
McGinn, C. (1984) What is the Problem of Other Minds? Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, supplementary, vol. 58:119--37.
Melnyk, A. (1994), Inference to Best Explanation and Other Minds Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 72:482-91.
Merleau-Ponty, M. (1962) Phenomenology of perception, Tr. Colin Smith, London:Routledge.
Mill, J. S. (1865) An Examination of Sir William Hamiltonصs Philosophy, London: Longmans.
Morgan, C. L. (1903) An Introduction to Comparative Psychology (2nd ed). London: Walter Scott.
Negel, T.(1986) The View from Nowhere, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Overall,C. (1988) Feminism, Ontology, and Other Minds, in L. Code et al. (eds.) Feminist Perspectives, Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Pargetter, R.(1984) The Scientific Inferece to Other Minds, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 62: 158- 63.
Perner, J. (1991), Understanding the Representational Mind, Cambridge: MA. M.I.T Press/Bradford Books.
Plantinga, A. (1967) God and Other Minds, Ithaca:Cornell University Press.
Premack, D. and Woodruff, G. (1978) Does the Chimpanzees have a theory of mind? The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1, 515-26.
Priest, S. (1998) Merleau-Ponty, London: Routledge, Chapter XI Other Minds.
Ryle, G. (1949) The Concept of Mind, London: Hutchinsonص University Library.
Sartre, J. P. (1958), Being and Nothingness, Tr. Hazel Barnes, London : Methuen.
Schroeder, W. R. (1984) Sartre and his Predecessors: the Self and the Other, London: Routledge.
Sober, E. (1998) Morganصs Canon In C. Allen and D. Cummins (eds.), The Evolution of Mind, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 224-242.
Sober, E. (2000) Evolution and the Problem of Other Minds, Journal of Philosophy, 97:365-387.
Somerville, J. (1989) Making out the Signatures, in Dalgarno, M, and Matthews, E (eds.) The Philosophy of Thomas Reid, Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Stanford Encyclopedia online, 2006 Other Minds. (HHP://plato. stanford. edu/entries/other minds).
Wellman, C. (1961) Our Criteria for Third Press Psychological Sentences, Journal of Philosophy, 58:281-293.
Wellman H. M. (1990) The Childصs Theory of Mind, Camdridge: MA: M.I.T Press.
Ter, Hark, M. (1994) Wittgenstein and Russel on psychology and other mindes, Wittgenstein Studies.
Wisdom, J. (1968) Other Minds, 2nd. edition, Oxford:Blackwell.
Wittgenstein, L. (1953) Philosophical Investigations, Oxford: Blackwell.
Zemach, E. (1966) Sensation, Raw Feels, and Other Minds The Review of Metaphysics, XX:317-340.