نوع مقاله : علمی ـ پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشآموختۀ دکتری فلسفه و کلامی اسلامی، مؤسسۀ حکمت و فلسفه ایران، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Al-Farabi was the first thinker in the Islamic world to engage philosophically with the translation of Greek philosophical thought and the fundamental concepts of Aristotelian metaphysics. As he himself states, he learned the path of renewing and interpreting philosophy directly from the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle. In his unique interpretation of the meanings of being (mawjūd) and quiddity (māhiyya), he categorizes being in its third sense—that which is distinct as a quiddity in external reality—into necessary and non-necessary beings. He elaborates on the characteristics of the First Necessary Being and argues that the non-necessary being is, in its very existence, impoverished, requiring fulfillment by the Necessary and Self-Sufficient Being. Al-Farabi emphasizes that all beings in the universe emanate from the First Being. Through his distinctive and theologically compatible interpretation of certain Aristotelian concepts, he shifts the focal point of Aristotelian metaphysics from being to God, laying the philosophical foundation of the Islamic intellectual tradition. His interpretation of being and quiddity clearly paves the way for their metaphysical distinction and facilitates the synthesis of Platonic illuminationist wisdom (al-ḥikmat al-ishrāqiyya) and Aristotelian philosophy in the Islamic world. This study, adopting a problem-oriented approach, seeks to examine, through textual evidence, how al-Farabi integrates a foundational interpretation of God as Being within Aristotelian metaphysics. Using content analysis, the paper concludes that al-Farabi, by offering a unique interpretation of the existential mode of beings and their quiddities or essences, establishes a distinct philosophical outlook within the Islamic intellectual tradition.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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