نظریات محتوا؛معناشناسی غائی و معناشناسی عصبی

نوع مقاله : تخصصی

نویسنده

pouresmail@gmail.com

چکیده

آنچه حالات ذهنی دربارۀ آنها هستند «محتوا» نام دارد؛ مسائل فلسفی متعددی دربارۀ محتوا وجود دارد؛ از جمله این‌که آیا محتوا قابل تبیین فیزیکی است یا خیر، و این‌که پیوند میان یک محتوای خاص و یک حالت ذهنی خاص چگونه برقرار می‌شود و به‌عبارت‌دیگر، محتوای خاص یک حالت ذهنی چگونه مشخص می‌شود؟ در این‌جا با اشاره به نظریات اولیه، مانند نظریات علّی، نظریات نقش مفهومی و نظریات دوعنصری، نظریات غایی و عصبی را بررسی می‌کنیم تا ببینیم این نظریات تا چه اندازه در جبران اشکالات نظریه‌های قبلی مؤفق‌اند. نظریه‌های غایی برآنند که حالت‌های ذهنی به‌وسیلۀ کارکردهای غایی مشخص می‌شوند و نظریه‌های عصبی برآنند که حالات ذهنی به‌وسیلۀ حالات عصبی نورون‌ها، تعیّن می‌یابند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Theories of Content: Teleosemantics and Neurosemantics

نویسنده [English]

  • Yasser Pouresmail
چکیده [English]

 
“Contents” are what mental states are about. There are many philosophical issues about contents, e.g., the problem of whether mental contents are explainable in physical terms or not, and the problem of how particular contents are associated with particular mental states, or in other words, how a particular content of a mental state is determined. I will introduce teleological and neurological theories of content after briefly introducing causal, conceptual-role, and double-factor theories in order to see how successful teleosemantics and neurosemantics are in comparison with those theories. Teleosemantics is the view that mental states are determined with teleological functions and neurosemantics is the view that mental states are determined with neuronal states.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • content
  • causal theories
  • conceptual role
  • teleolosemantics
  • neurosemantics
  • function

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