1. ابن سینا، حسین ابن عبدالله (1387)، قانون در طب، ترجمه: عبدالرحمن شرفکندی (هه ژار)، ج 1، چاپ نهم، تهران: سروش.
2. اخوان الصفا و خلّان الوفا (1415)، رسائل اخوان الصفا وخلّان الوفا، تحقیق: عارف تامر، الطبعة الاولی، بیروت ـ باریس.
3. افلاطون (بیتا)، دوره کامل آثار افلاطون، محمدحسن لطفی، تهران: انتشارات خوارزمی.
4. ویلسون، ادوارد (1384)، سوسیوبیولوژی (زیستشناسی اجتماعی)، ترجمه: عبدالحسین وهابزاده، چاپ اول، مشهد: جهاد دانشگاهی.
5. Kant, Immanuel (1997), Groundwork of the Metaphysics of morals, Cambridge: Cambridge university press.
6. Lawrence c. Becker and charlotte B. Becker (2001), Encyclopedia of ethics, vol. 2, Routledge.
7. Greene, Joshua D. (2002), The terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Truth about Morality and What to Do About it, Doctoral Dissertation of Joshua D. Greene, Recommended for acceptance by the Department of Philosophy, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
8. Greene, Joshua D. Sommerville, R. Brian. Nystrom, Leigh E. Darley, John M. and Cohen onathan D. (2001), “An FMRI Investigation of Emotional Engagement in Moral Judgment,” Science, 293.
9. Greene, a Joshua and Haidt, Jonathan (2002), “How (and Where) Does Moral Judgment Work?” Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6.
10. Haidt, Jonathan (2001), “The Emotional Dog and It's Rational Tail: A Social Intuitionist Approach to Moral Judgment,” Psychological Review, 108.
11. Haidt, Jonathan, Bjorklund, Fredrik and Murphy, Scott (2000), Moral Dumbfounding: When Intuition Finds No Reason, Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, unpublished manuscript.
12. Hume, David (1978), A Treatise of Human Nature, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
13. Joyce, Richard, (2006), The Evolution of Morality, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
14. Rachels, James (1991), “When Pjilosophers Shoot from the Hip,” Bioethics, 5.
15. Rachels, James (1997), Can Ethics Provide Answers and Other essays in Moral Philosophy, Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
16. Rawls, John (1971), A Theory of Justice, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
17. Sandberg, Joakim & Juth, Niklas (2011), “Ethics and Intuitions: A Reply to Singer,” Journal of Ethics 15.
18. Singer, Peter (1972), “Famine, affluence and morality,” Philosophy & Public Affairs 1.
19. Singer, Peter (1974), “Sidgwick and Reflective Equilibrium,” the Monist, 58.
20. Singer, Peter (1993), Practical Ethics, 2nd ed., Cambridge: Cambridge University press.
21. Singer, Peter (2005), “Ethics and intuitions,” The Journal of Ethics, 9.
22. Singer, Peter (2011), The Expanding Circle: Ethics, Evolution and Moral Progress, 2nd ed, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
23. Stent, Gunthers. (1980), Morality as a Biological Phenomenon, University of California Press, Ltd.
24. Taurek, John (1977), "Should the numbers count?" Philosophy & Public Affairs, 6.