بستر اجتماعى سلامت

Document Type : Professional

Author

Abstract

سلامت ما تنها نتیجه چگونه زندگى کردن ما نیست. [بلکه] از نوع شغلى که در اختیار داریم, درآمد ما و جهان اجتماعى اى که در آن مقیم هستیم نیز متأثّر است. در واقع, شواهد فزاینده اى وجود دارد که تفاوت هاى بهداشتیِ ظاهراً متأثّر از عوامل بیولوژیکى, بویژه تفاوت هاى مربوط به جنس, از عوامل اجتماعى نیز تأثیرپذیرند. این تفاوت ها, کم اهمیت و پیش پا افتاده نیستند. مردان به طور متوسط, پنج سال کمتر از زنان عمر مى کنند. افرادى که از رفاه بیشترى برخوردارند به طور متوسط, پنج سال بیشتر از فقرا عمر مى کنند (Haberman & Bloomfield, 1988). این عوامل مى توانند خطر ناشى از هرگونه رفتار مربوط به بهداشت فردى, از جمله استعمال دخانیات, را تحت الشعاع قرار دهند (Hein, Suadicani & Gyntelberg, 1992). اگر هدف ما بهبود بخشیدن به وضع سلامت عمومى است, تغییر محیط و بسترى که مردم در آن به سر مى برند چه بسا به اندازه تغییر و تحول در برنامه هایى که به رفتارهاى مخاطره آمیز فردى معطوف اند, عامل نیرومندى از کار در آید.


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