A Critical Analysis of “Philosophical Secondary Intelligibles” according to Qāḍī Sa‘īd Qumī

Document Type : The Quarterly Jornal

Authors

1 PhD student, Iranian Research Institute of Philosophy. Tehran, Iran

2 Associate professor, Iranian Research Institute of Philosophy. Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant professor, Iranian Research Institute of Philosophy. Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The issue of philosophical secondary intelligibles is an essential prelude to a rediscovery of Qāḍī Sa‘īd Qumī’s philosophical system, particularly his rejection of the primacy of existence (iṣālat al-wujūd). With a careful study of those of his work which are attributed to him beyond any doubts and drawing on the descriptive-analytic method, we seek to analyze Qāḍī’s views of philosophical secondary intelligibles and their laws. It turns out that he never uses the term “secondary intelligibles,” instead referring to them as “general things,” in which he includes concepts such as existence, object, possibility, and necessity. He describes these as general, self-evidence concepts, and “infinitive” notions occurring to, and predicated of, all things, taking them to be the weakest things in terms of existence with a trace of existence in the fact itself (nafs al-amr). Some of his statements refer to a kind of metaphysical occurrence of philosophical concepts. In his discussion of generation (ja‘l), however, he takes the “quiddity” to be essentially created and other accidents and implications of a thing as accidentally created. His emphasis on simple generation sheds light on certain confusions. From Qāḍī’s words two distinct levels of externality of philosophical concepts can be derived: first, these concepts have a faint trace of realization and objectivity; and second, they have no realization and objectivity over and above the essence

Keywords

References

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