Types of Mental Qualities and Physical-Mental Distinction

Document Type : Professional

Author

Abstract

Mental qualities are of various kinds and the question is whether there can be any common features among them. The first section of the present article is to examine some classifications of mental qualities and thus distinguish their distinctive characteristics like consciousness, mental quality and intentionality. In the second part of the article each of these characteristics as well as the cognitive feature of access for the first person and their relations are briefly discussed. Drawing on  these characteristics and considering two accounts of the physical, one being based on theory and the other on the basis of thing, I formulate mental-physical contrast at the end of second part. The question whether or not “mental’’ is an individual ontological feature, rather a natural kind is touched on in the concluding part of the present article.

Keywords


  1. بلک ‌‌‌مور، سوزان (1387)، [2003]، آگاهی، ترجمۀ رضا رضایی، انتشارات فرهنگ معاصر، تهران.
  2. ریونزکرافت، ایان (1387)، [2005]، فلسفۀ ذهن، یک راهنمای مقدماتی، ترجمۀ حسین شیخ‌‌‌رضایی، انتشارات صراط، تهران.
  3. Block, N., (1995) “Some Concepts of Consciousness”, reprinted in Chalmers, D. (ed.) 2002, pp. 206-218.
  4.  
  5. http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/dept/philo/faculty/block/papers/Abridged.
  6. Brentano, F., (1874) “The Distinction between Mental and Physical”, reprinted in Chalmers, D. (ed.) (2002) pp. 479-485.
  7. Chalmers, D., (1995) “Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness, ” Journal of Consciousness Studies, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 200-219.
  8. ـــــــــ , (2002) (ed.) Philosophy of Mind: Classical and Contemporary Readings, Oxford University Press.
  9. Dennett, D., (1988) “Quinning Qualia” reprinted in Chalmers, D. (ed.) 2002, pp. 226-246.
  10. Fodor, J., (1985) “Fodor's Guide to Mental Representations” Mind, vol. 94, pp. 76–100.
  11. Jacob, P., (2003) “Intentionality”, in Zalta, E. (ed.) Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, online edition: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/intentionality/.
  12. Kim, J., (1996) Philosophy of Mind, Westview Press.
  13. ـــــــــ , (2003) Supervenience, Emergence, Realization, Reduction”, in Oxford Handbook of Metaphysics, Oxford University Press.
  14. Maslin, Keith, (2001) An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind, Blackwell Publisher.
  15. McGinn, C., (1996) The Character of Mind, An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind, Oxford University Press.
  16. Nagel, T., (1974) “What is Like to Be a Bat”, reprinted in Block, N. (ed.) (2006).Readings in the Philosophy of Psychology, vol. 1, pp. 159-168, Harward University Press.
  17. Rorty, R., (1979) Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature, Oxford: Blackwell.
  18. Rosenthal, D., (1986) “Two Concepts of Consciousness, ” in Rosenthal, D. (ed.) 2005, The Nature of Mind, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 21-45.
  19. ـــــــــ , (1993) “Thinking that One Think, ” in Rosenthal, D. (ed.) 2005, The Nature of Mind, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 46-70.
  20. Searle, J., (1994) “Intentionality”, in Guttenplan, S. (ed.) A Companion to the Philosophy of Mind, pp. 379-386, Blackwell Publishing.
  21. ـــــــــ , (2007) “Biological Naturalism”, in Velman, M. and Shneider, S. (eds.) The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness, Blackwell Publishing, pp. 325-334.
  22. Siewert, C., (2006) “Consciousness and Intentionality”, in Zalta, E. (ed.) Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

online edition: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consciousness-intentionality/.

  1. Stoljar, D., (2001) “Two Conceptions of the Physical”, in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Vol. 62, No. 2, pp. 253-281.
  2. Van Gulick, R., (2005) “Consciousness”, in Zalta, E. (ed.) Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

online edition: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consciousness/