التزام دینى و مرگ و میر: مرورى فرا تحلیلى

Document Type : Professional

Author

Abstract

مقاله اى که پیش روى شماست گزارشى است براساس فراتحلیلى به دست آمده از 42 نمونه مستقل, که ارتباط مستقیم التزام دینى و مرگ و میر به هر علت3 را بررسى کرده اند. التزام دینى به شکل معنادارى با مرگ و میر پایین تر (نسبت شانس4=1.29; 95% فاصله اطمینان1.20 - 1.39: ) مرتبط است. به عبارت دیگر, در طول دوره پى گیرى5, افرادى که بیشتر متدین بودند در مقام مقایسه با کسانى که کمتر متدین بودند داراى شانس بیشترى براى عمرى طولانى بودند. گرچه نیرومندى رابطه بین التزام دینى و مرگ و میر به منزله تابعى از چندین متغیر تعدیل کننده تغییر مى کند, ولى ارتباط آنها نیرومند و در همان حد و اندازه اى است که از عوامل روانى ـ اجتماعى انتظار مى رود. به نظر نمى رسد که نتیجه گیرى هاى صورت گرفته ناشى از سوگیرى تحقیقات چاپ شده باشد.
شمار قابل توجهى از آمریکایى ها در فعالیت هاى دینى مشارکت دارند. بیش از نود درصد آمریکایى هاى بزرگ سال پیرو یک آیین دینى رسمى هستند (کاسمین و لاک من, 1993). بالغ بر 96 درصد آنها به خدا یا یک روح عالمگیر6 اعتقاد دارند, 42 درصد, مراسم دینى را به شکل هفتگى یا تقریباً هر هفته به جا مى آورند, 67درصد, اعضاى یک انجمن دینى محلى7 اند و 60 درصد, بر این باورند که دین در زندگى روزمره آنها (بسیار حائز اهمیت) است (گلوپ, 1995).

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